Its Hard Being a Single Dad in America - 1494 Words

It’s hard being a single dad in America An Annotated Bibliography Morin, Amanda. Fathers Raising Daughters: The Unique Challenges of Single Fatherhood. Education.com | An Education amp; Child Development Site for Parents | Parenting amp; Educational Resource. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 May 2013. According to the U.S. Census most recent information, there are approximately 13 million children living in single-parent households. That in itself isnt all that surprising, but heres something that is: 2.5 million of those children are being raised by single fathers. Thats nearly 1 in every 40 households –over half as many as ten years ago –in which custodial fathers are raising children, many of whom are girls. So, what kinds of challenges†¦show more content†¦We had grants and access courses. And work. I did and do, though, find it hard sometimes, and no amount of moralising by this government helps in any way. Like many, I patched together childcare with a bunch of likeminded women who enriched mine and my childrens lives massively. Without them and subsidised nursery places I would not be the upstanding taxpayer I am now. I will use this information as my opposition, to show that the government needs to help out with single parenting. Australian Council of Social Service. Stop Cuts to Sole Parent Payments! N.p., n.d. Web. 05 May 2013. UN asks Australian Government to explain violation of single parents rights March 4, 2013 The Australian Council of Social Service today called on the Australian Government to detail its response to a United Nations request for it to explain the decision to cut the payments of over 80,000 single parent families. The UN Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights and Chair-Rapporteur of the Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and practice has written to the Australian Government about the slashing of about $100 a week from the payments of single parents, which took effect on 1 January. The letter is in response to an urgent complaint that ACOSS and other welfare groups and human rights experts made last year to the UN Special Rapporteur, following the Federal Governments refusal to follow the recommendation of its ownShow MoreRelatedMy Past And My Future1042 Words   |  5 Pagessay this words. And I listen to them, because I think their right! I live with my mom. My mom and dad divorce after 7 months after I born. So I don’t have a memories with my dad. I only know his face,smiling at the picture holding me and standing by my mom. I don’t know his voice, warmth of his hand or anything like that. I was kind of sad at this point. When I starting go to school, every single time when it comes the father’s day teachers give us a cute paper and let us write about thickens ofRead MoreArgument On Single Parents1347 Words   |  6 PagesDecember 2017 Single Parent Children who grew up in a single parent family have been looked at differently. Just because people are raised by one parent isn’t bad but seems impractical to some, yet over the years it has become more common. Today’s world many children have grown up and became spiritually stable and victorious whether they had one parent or two, to show them the hard path that life has bestowed upon all humans. The issue lies in the distinction of children raised by single parents versusRead MoreAre Men and Women Created Equal?1773 Words   |  7 Pagesequally. Another wise man also said woman lie, man lie, but numbers don’t lie. Everyone has heard of the battle of the sexes and it’s always nice to have some friendly competition. But are men and woman really created equally? Is one born with a more advantage then the other? If so, which one are more privileged men or woman? Most of my research points towards man being more privileged than woman. Woman’s suffrage began in the beginning of the 19th and the 20th centuries with the power for woman’sRead MoreBaseball Is The Same Way Of Life1212 Words   |  5 Pagesthe dead. The lessons learned in baseball illuminate the core tenants of American society. The metaphysical meaning of baseball represents Americas pulse and has the ability to even bring back the dead. A defining factor of American Life has been how you handle failure. As Rocky Balboa once said, â€Å"It’s not about how hard you can hit, it’s about how hard you can get hit and get back up†. Baseball is the same way. In Bull Durham Nuke fails time and time again because he cannot control his pitchesRead MoreAmerica: Diverse in Nature, Belief and Ideology1164 Words   |  5 PagesConcerning America today, many people have a set of cardboard cut-out traits that they tack onto American citizens, and what it means to be an American. These traits are typically very broad, and simplistic, and in many cases, are relics of the 50s. The truth, however, is quite different. Although some people try to attach universal traits to Americans, citizens of this country are very diverse in nature, belief, and ideology. Ive identified four characteristics most commonly associated withRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Eyes Opened1039 Words   |  5 Pagesare the black hair and black eyes? My right hand wondered in my left palm feeling the knuckles being rubbed every few seconds. Words of the foreign one by one jazzed through my skull, into my brain from the announcement. It was not a pilot but a blabber. Seeing the foreigners out of their seat to get their luggage, I suddenly lost the certainty I have for my future. I will be the foreigner in America. Just a few days ago, I was gloating at my classmates in the fourth grade classroom of an ordinaryRead MoreThe First Christmas Of My Family905 Words   |  4 PagesDecember 24th, 2016 was the first Christmas I spent in America with my host family. All kinds of decoration were ready to light up and a variety of gifts were set up under the Christmas tree . My host parents and I were hanging up the Christmas socks at the fireplace. Within the 8 socks this year, there were three of them did not belong to the fireplace anymore. Baddy, Peter, and Jasmine, their socks were hung at the second-floor platform, a place for the dogs that no longer with us. Standing byRead MoreLove : What Makes A Marriage Last?1072 Words   |  5 PagesEasy They d Call the Whole Damn Thing a Honeymoon: Living With and Loving the TV-Addicted, Sex-Obsessed, Not-So-Handy Man You Married, The Parent Trip: From High Heels and Parties to Highchairs and Potties and Cheers to the New Mom/Cheers to the New Dad, Jenna M cCarthy refers to herself as the love child of Chelsea Handler and Dr. Phil. Jenna McCarthy made the audience roll with laughter, as she talked about studies found that make a marriage last or fail. In her funny-casual TED talk, â€Å"Jenna McCarthy:Read MoreOur Kids : He American Dream Essay1366 Words   |  6 PagesIn America, about 10,830 babies are born every day. Each one of these newborns, enters the world into the same hospital environment and receives the same treatment. However, the moment they leave the hospital their lives all take a vastly different path. Some will be successful and some will fail to achieve the American Dream. A dream, that is the result of hard work, and consist of a white picket fence, a good job, and strong family unit. The American Dream is also the hope that we will do betterRead MoreSobriety Court Is More Appealing Than Jail Essay1542 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom jail, sobriety court demanded a halfway house for him to stay at for the first few we eks of his freedom. This was paid out of pocket, one thousand dollars per month, not including money for meals, or telephone calls. After the halfway house, my dad moved back into his own home. He was then required to be breathalyzed three times every day, in morning, midday, and evening. Breathalyzer tests costed twenty dollars every time that he blew, equating to sixty dollars a day for the first two months

A Literary Analysis of Ray Bradbury’s Short Story “the...

INDIVIDUAL WORK A Literary Analysis of Ray Bradbury’s Short Story â€Å"The Dragon† 1) The plot of the story The story begins with the description of a deep night and two men bent by their lonely fire. These men are speaking about a strange, mysterious creature, which seems to ruin everything on its way. They are talking about a dreadful dragon, which is described with much detail: â€Å"This dragon, they say his eyes are fire. His breath a white gas; you can see him bum across the dark lands†, â€Å"Passing, the black brunt of its shoulder smashed the remaining horse and rider a hundred feet against the side of a boulder, wailing, wailing, the dragon shrieking, the fire all about, around, under it, a pink, yellow, orange sun-fire with†¦show more content†¦These two worlds have a parallel existence and cross at a point of a time. ââ€" ª Post-structuralism or Deconstruction – the theme of metaphysics plays very significant role in this story and the question of people’s lives is raised. This metaphysical view sees literature functioning beyond the periphery but rather associates every human phenomenon with supernaturalism. ââ€" ª Psychological or Psychoanalytical Criticism – a leading tradition in psychological criticism is the Freudian’s. According to its followers, the meaning of a work of literature depends on the psyche and even on the neuroses of the author. Ray Bradbury wrote this short story in a very old age. And the significance of this story is also view from the point of view of the old person’s being aware of all the new technologies of the world. People shouldn’t live in their shells; they should go ahead together with the progress. Ray Bradbury, being in his late years understood and took the progress in a right way and probably wanted to show that people shouldn’t stop in their development. ââ€" ª Marxism – fundamentally anchored on the work of Karl Marx, Marxism is a dominant critical theory born in the middle of the 19th century and flourished tremendously throughout the twentieth century. Marxism identifies social and economic factors as crucial denominators of relationship in society. This short story has very strong social problems. The people of the Marxist time are afraid of new technologies

Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare Essays - 2003 Words

Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare Twelfth night is a comedy play written by William Shakespeare. The entire play revolves around love and ideas of love. The very first line of the play tells us that love will be the main feature: ‘If music be the food of love, play on’. Shakespeare delves deeply into the different facets of love, and explores how each facet is totally different from each other although they all revolve around the same thing: Love. Many facets of love are explored through respective characters in the play, which combine feelings and emotion to bring the idea of love to life. Shakespeare, a contemporary of Elizabeth I, draws profoundly upon the Elizabethan conventions of†¦show more content†¦This love is obviously sexless and idealised. In veracity, it quite often occurred that men were in love with the idea of being in love, instead of actually loving someone. These men would surround themselves with the trappings of love; flowers, music, symbols of love (hearts) and much more. This would make them believe that they were in love when actually they just loved the idea of it. One such a man is Orsino in the play Twelfth Night. The second type of love is called ‘Romantic love’. This is where someone surrounds themselves with the trappings of love. They constantly sigh and dream of their loved one, with all the trappings encouraging the longing for their love. This involved the notion of ‘love at first sight’, and would consume someone’s life with love and ideas of romance. This love was also idealised and sexless but meeting did happen, and often the result was marriage for life. When these two forms of love combined, it produced what is called ‘the melancholy lover’. This man would suffer for his love. He would surround himself totally by love and ideas of love, the trappings and all the works. He would sign and moan, longing for his unattainable goddess whom’s beauty won him over at first sight and has ever more consumed his life. The ‘melancholy lover’Show MoreRelatedTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare1279 Words   |  5 Pages Within the play ‘Twelfth Night’ it can be argued that the audience may be entertained by the outlook of Malvolio’s gulling. To start with his name means â€Å"ill will† within Italian which already suggests his attitude towards the other characters thus showing his place within the play as an â€Å"unpopular†character. He is a part of a religious order who sought to regulate forms of worship. In modern time the word â€Å"puritan† is often used to mean Against pleasure . Historically, the word was has been usedRead MoreTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare1019 Words   |  5 Pagesconsidered elements of a comedy. Shakespeare wrote a comedy called Twelfth Night because that’s the Christmas Celebration when pranks and deceptions were allowed when people were off work. However the last day 6th January was when all the decorations came down, which brought a tinge bit of sadness to the Elizabethans. William Shakespeare employs the dramatic conventions of mistaken identity and disguise to establish humour in an example of Act 2 Scene 2 of Twelfth Night. Viola realises Olivia is inRead MoreTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare1164 Words   |  5 PagesIn the comedy Twelfth Night written by William Shakespeare many of the characters experience emotional pain. The pain that a character name Olivia experiences is the death of her brother, causing her to mourn. Malvolio who is Olivias steward is involved with emotional pain caused by humiliation, which occurs more than once in this play. Lastly, a great deal of characters battle with the feeling of unrequited love. Even though Shakespeare wrote this as a comedy, there was still a mass amount of emotionalRead MoreTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare2088 Words   |  8 PagesTwelfth Night, or, What You Will by William Shakespeare is a comedy that was written for the Christmas season. Twelfth Night presents many different topics through out the play like: crossdressing, homosexuality, unknown same sex desires, and undertones of talk about genitals. Although some are more noticeable than others, they are all present. I will be focusing mainly on the homosexuality of some of the characters and what the difference between that and just having a ‘male friendship.’ I will alsoRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night2005 Words   |  9 Pagesrole that gender plays in Shakespeare’s work. Focus on Twelfth Night or King Lear—or discuss both plays together. Do you see these patterns repeated? Or do you see them being challenged and somehow undermined (implicitly or explicitly) in the plots and language of the play s)?† wants to know if Shakespeare wanted to break the pattern of women being passive objects to men in the literature. In the story Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare all of the roles are played by men. In the fifteenth centuryRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Twelfth Nig ht Essay1515 Words   |  7 Pageselements in plays and films. Slowly with the knowledge gained, we transitioned into examining the adaptations of the world famous playwright, William Shakespeare. For this assignment, we were to choose a modern Shakespeare adaption and compare its successes and failures to its traditional script. With the choices given, I decided to choose the Twelfth Night to its modern adaption directed by Andy Fickman called, â€Å"She’s the Man.† I was pleasantly surprised when I saw it as an option, therefore I feltRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night1967 Words   |  8 Pages William Shakespeare’s â€Å"Twelfth Night† or â€Å"What You Will† was written around 1601-1602 with the primary performance being in February 1602. It is known to be a high point of Shakespearian comedy as it is one of Shakespeare’s finest works. Twelfth night was written to commemorate the close of the Christmas season being possi bly one of the first ever holiday specials, kind of like the Middle Ages version of â€Å"Love Actually†. The play centres on the twins Viola and Sebastian, who are separated duringRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night Essay1470 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night can easily be interpreted as a romance play. Given that the majority of the characters in the play in some way or another fall in love, but there are many twists that come with these romantic relationships. Some of the characters fall in love with the same character, others fall in love with a character that loves another, who actually loves another causing a chaotic love triangle. Within every romance a character is tragically hurt, turning the romance play intoRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night Essay2147 Words   |  9 Pagesaffection for another person,† love takes on many forms throughout life and literature (Merriam-Webster). Through its passionate drama and witty repartee, Twelfth Night, by William Shakespeare, explores the intricate, and often complicated, realm of interpersonal love. By tracing the intertwining storylines of four unique characters, Shakespeare communicates the futility of self-love, the desperation of hopeless love, and the immeasurable virtue of selfless love. An after-effect of human’s sinfulRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night1762 Words   |  8 PagesShakespeare wrote the romantic comedy play, Twelfth Night, in the year 1601. Despite being over 400 years old, people have been studying and performing the play continuously. Even though some may argue American audience now cannot understand the significance of social hierarchy in the play nor the lines written in Shakespearean English, Twelfth Night remains popular today as shown by New York Times’ publishing of seven reviews on different performances of Twelfth Night. At the same time, Shakespeare

Effectual Functions Corporation Normally †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Effectual Functions Corporation Normally? Answer: Introduction Winding up that is also referred to as liquidation of the corporation is essentially related to the proceedings by which all the different dealings of the company are wound up. Essentially, rights as well as liabilities are differentiated and the claims of different creditors are resolved either entirely or are extent since it might be warranted by different assets/resources of the corporation. Again, huge number of corporations operates at particularly at the judgment of different board of directors. Again, the board of directors is also the vital part of the administration of the corporation. The decisions are normally assumed after taking into consideration interests of different shareholders as well as stakeholders of the corporation. As such, decision making is essentially the effectual tool that can help in the process of determination of the prolonged existence of the corporation since it forms the essence of survival of the corporation. Effectual functions of any corporation are normally considered as the corporate governance of the firm. Fundamentally, the effectiveness of the overall performance of a particular corporation is founded on main principles, guidelines as well as provisions of several statutes that are existent in a country (Deegan 2013). However, failure to adhere to the principle of governance can reflect inability to stock to the principles of effective governance. Essentially, the study is founded on ascertaining the winding up of the business concerns that include ABC Learning, HIH Insurance as well as One Tel. The current study necessarily concentrates on the primary cause behind liquidation of the given corporations along with the guidelines of ethics as well as corporate governance (Williams 2014). Overview of the corporations Background of the company ABC Learning: ABC Learning in the previous years was observed as one of the largest corporations operating in Australia and serving in the area of educational field. The business entity was listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) and has a market capitalisation of nearly AUD 2.5 billion. Nevertheless, the business concern went into professional receivership after the encountering the outcomes of the subprime mortgage crisis and the pay off of the debt in order to devastate the corporation (Weil et al. 2013). Essentially, the assessors also failed to detect the issues from the pecuniary assertions of the business entities. In particular, the corporation was established during the year 1988 and situated in Queensland. However, from the time of inception of the business entity, it was successful in introducing over and above nine hundred units across Australia as well as New Zealand by 2006 (Edwards 2013). Again, during 2006, t ABC Learning acquired the second largest provider of child care sit uated in the nation United States for approximately AUD 330 million along with the acquirement of Busy Bees Group that is necessarily the fifth largest supplier in the UK. Excessive acquisition policies helped the company to expand into the markets of both UK and USA with essentially a market share of approximately 1%. One Tel: One Tel is considered as a group of Australian based Telecommunication Corporation that was instituted during the year 1995 soon after deregulation of the entire Australian telecommunications segment. However, majority of the corporations are presently under the external administration by liquidators appointed by the court. However, fundamental business purpose of the corporation was essentially to put more focus on essentially the delivery of enhanced service to satisfy the needs as well as desires of the customers (Henderson et al. 2015). Essentially, One Tel attempted to institute a youth oriented representation to market the mobile phone along with the One.Net service of internet. However, prior to the fall down, the corporation One Tel became the fourth largest corporation operating in the segment of telecommunication. The unique through procedure of the corporation commenced from a very easy initiative of starting a novel mobile phone corporation. In essence, this corporation p rimarily concentrated on the people along with the residential market as opposed to that of the commercial business (May 2013). The business entity required the consumer or people on a regular basis to acquire accessibility to the entire group of telephone products that finally led to high marketing of the corporation. HIH Insurance: The business concern HIH Insurance started its operations in the area of insurance and was considered as one of the major players in the insurance industry of Australia. During the year 1997 and 1998, HIH Winterthur got hold of a large number of corporations both in Australia as well as throughout the world. During the year 1992, the company HIH was listed on particularly on the Australian Stock Exchange. However, during the year 1995 the corporation sold stake to the insurer founded in Switzerland and finally altered the name of the corporation to HIH Winterthur. Primarily, this consists of the Colonial Ltd General Insurance functions both in Australia as well as New Zealand (Dutta and Patatoukas 2016). The liquidators have approximated that the firm HIH incurred a huge amount of loss of approximately $5.3 billion. Examination of the cause of the collapse of the corporation led to both conviction as well as imprisonment of huge number of members of HIH management on numerous charges associated to fraud (Bazley et al. 2013). Essentially, the fall of HIH is considered as a large business collapse in the Australian history. Incidents that contributed towards liquidation and failure of corporate governance The below mentioned events have necessarily led to the liquidation of the corporation: Management of HIH acquired the entire business of FAI Insurance that involves more amount of investment that is risky to the insurance business. Owing to this, the corporation incurred a substantial amount of damage. Yet another risky incident led to the downfall of the corporation HIH was the business in financing films that eventually led to huge amount of loss of approximately over and above one hundred million dollar (Newberry and Brennan 2013) HIH suffered a considerable amount of financial loss at the time when the natural disaster hit the company at Florida. Essentially, this led to the occurrence of large amount of debt that again contributed to the loss of the business. Important cause of downfall of the HIH was the abrupt alteration in the compensation policy of workers operating in Californian segment. However, this led to the contribution of large amount of monetary loss and finally downfall of the company HIH (Carnegie and OConnell 2014). The conditional liquidators have approximated that the HIH has incurred a loss of more than $800 million within a span of around six months. Essentially, this can be attributed to quicker expansion, unmonitored delegation of different authorities and intricate framework of operations (Sun and Farooque 2017). One Tel: The incidents mentioned below can be considered as the particular reasons for liquidations of the corporation: One Tel has been persistently reporting superior amount of profit and deferred the overall expenses over a time period of around three years. The important exercises adopted in the process of reporting financial assertions was essentially against the accounting standards along with the policies of bookkeeping The emergence of difficulties since the year 2000, especially at the time when the firm One Tel reported a loss of around $291 million led to the fall in the price of share below $1. The corporation began running out of finances by the period of April 2001. This started when the director of the company Rodney Adkler sold nearly 5 million shares for approximately $2.5 million. The phase of liquidation followed a declaration that required a compensation of approximately $92 million from essentially the director of the firm One Tel. This is mainly because the corporation did not exercise the available power with proper care as well as diligence. Yet another cause that led to the decline of the corporation One Tel is that the corporation in effect charged a certain price of essentially one seventh from essentially the customers under consideration provided that the company will recover the purchase cost in the upcoming period that essentially did not occur (Heemskerk et al. 2016). ABC Learning: The events mentioned below can be regarded as the following reasons behind liquidations of the business concern: ABC Learning unpredictably suffered a decrease of around 42% in the profit particularly during the second half of the year 2007 that stood at $37 million. In addition to this, companys liability to service necessarily had a debt of approximately $1.8 billion that finally triggered a decrease in the overall price of the companys share (Tricker and Tricker 2015). The combined effect of fall in the share price led to the decrease of around 43%. However, during the end of the period of selling the founder of ABC Learning, the founder of the corporation ABC Learning sold the stakes worth $20 million as well as $6 million respectively for a sum of 2.7 million. Finally, this led to the trade suspension of ABC after the failure of the company to essentially release all the income during the financial period 2007 and 2008. Despite marketing all the assets of the corporation, the management of the firm assumed receivership particularly during the financial year 2008 that is after a massive increase in the debt servicing requirement (Sun and Farooque 2017). The corporation also adopted an incorrect means of accounting and registering all the intangible assets of the firm for example, goodwill. The value of the goodwill of business entity ABC Learning was recorded to be around $2.4 billion. This included valuation of licenses along with other intangible assets, however only charged for the impairment at $8.4 million. Consequently, the amount of cash flow in the future period that was considered for appropriate valuation of companys intangibles were essentially discovered to be incorrect that eventually led to loss of gains by nearly 42%. Ethical Consideration HIH: The company got hold of FAI Insurance without gaining approval from the board and immediately Winterthur disposed all the shares and resigned from position. Thus, it can be hereby inferred that HIH suffered from poor corporate governance The company made poor decisions of entering into risky ventures that included financing of films, administration of marine and natural disaster (Carnegie and OConnell 2014) The company failed to provide adequate consideration towards their functions and it was observed that there was a constant alteration in the managerial position. This can be considered as an ethical issue that led to the downfall of the corporation. There were charges of inappropriate management of the corporation that referred to issuance of erroneous prospectus and overstatement of gains in the financial assertions during the year 1998 and 1999 (Tricker and Tricker 2015). One Tel: Company violated rules as well as regulations of accounting that in turn affected the compliance ethics The management of the corporation failed to detect and analyse the financial health and ignored areas of investment that contained higher level of risk Failure to adopt strong pricing policy by the directors that directed towards decrease in earnings and dearth of liquidity can be regarded as one of the main reasons for liquidation of then firm (Tricker and Tricker 2015). ABC Learning: Adoption of inappropriate accounting strategies that directed the way towards fraudulent accounting exercises can be regarded as one of the main reasons for liquidation Yet another ethical issue that led to liquidation of the firm was connected to delivering of service to specific consumers. Essentially, both the customers as well as governing bodies concerned regarding delivery of service sued against the corporation (Tricker and Tricker 2015). Recommendations Based on the above discussion it can be said that the weak corporate forms lead to losses of the corporation. It is not only the monetary facets that contributed to the overall liquidation of the corporation but also ethical factors for instance, inappropriate management exercises that have led to the ruin of the firm. Essentially, it is supposed that there needs to be suitable management exercises that can help the serving the interests of all the stakeholders of the firm. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be said that the primary cause of liquidation of the above mentioned corporations was essentially inadequate corporate governance as well as erroneous detection of risk in expansion of business. However, these corporations have been unsuccessful in adopting both true as well as fair accounting exercises for locating specific areas of risk and comprehending financial position. Thus, hereafter, business entities need to strive to serve the interests of all their stakeholders. References Bazley, M., Hancock, P., Fisher, C., Lovell, A., Berk, J., DeMarzo, P., Berk, J. and DeMarzo, P., 2013.Financial Accounting: An Integrated. Thomson Pty Ltd, South Melbourne. Carnegie, G.D. and OConnell, B.T., 2014. A longitudinal study of the interplay of corporate collapse, accounting failure and governance change in Australia: Early 1890s to early 2000s.Critical Perspectives on Accounting,25(6), pp.446-468. Deegan, C., 2013.Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Dutta, S. and Patatoukas, P.N., 2016. Identifying Conditional Conservatism in Financial Accounting Data: Theory and Evidence.The Accounting Review. Heemskerk, E.M., Fennema, M. and Carroll, W.K., 2016. The global corporate elite after the financial crisis: evidence from the transnational network of interlocking directorates.Global Networks,16(1), pp.68-88. Henderson, S., Peirson, G., Herbohn, K. and Howieson, B., 2015.Issues in financial accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU. May, G.O., 2013.Financial accounting. Read Books Ltd. Newberry, S. and Brennan, D., 2013. The marketisation of early childhood education and care (ECEC) in Australia: A structured response.Financial Accountability Management,29(3), pp.227-245. Sun, L. and Farooque, O.A., 2017. An Exploratory Analysis of Earnings Management Before and after the Governance and Disclosure Regulatory Changes in Australia and New Zealand. Tricker, R.B. and Tricker, R.I., 2015.Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. Oxford University Press, USA. Weil, R.L., Schipper, K. and Francis, J., 2013.Financial accounting: an introduction to concepts, methods and uses. Cengage Learning. Williams, J., 2014.Financial accounting. McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

Macbeth Apperance vs Reality free essay sample

The world is governed more by appearances than by realities. Throughout society people are judged based on their appearance. This is unfortunate because appearance can be deceiving. In William Shakespeare’s play Macbeth appearances are not what they seem. Some people may change because they think that their true self does not fit in society while others pretend to be something they are not. In the theme of appearance versus reality Macbeth and Lady Macbeth have an image but as the time passes by their true personalities began to show. Macbeth portrays himself differently from his true inner self. He pretends to be a strong and intelligent person but from inside he is weak and indecisive. When Macbeth first confronts the witches’ prophecies he says, â€Å"Come what may, time and the hour runs through the roughest day† (1. 3. 152-153). Macbeth is leaving his future to ‘chance’. He wants to appear noble and strong but in the end he refutes his statement by killing Duncan and Banquo to get to the throne. We will write a custom essay sample on Macbeth Apperance vs Reality or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also, when Lady Macbeth explains the plan to Macbeth he asks â€Å"If we should fail? † (1. 7. 59). He is still afraid of the consequences of his actions. His actions look pungent but he does not have any reason to kill Duncan. Macbeth has a debate within himself to murder King Duncan or to spare his life. Macbeth hesitation to kill Duncan proves in realty he is a weak man. Lady Macbeth represents herself as a beautiful and powerful woman in society but she is as weak as her husband Macbeth. To convince Macbeth to follow the plan she says â€Å"I have given suck, and know how tender ’tis to love the babe that milks me. I would, while it was smiling in my face, have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums and dashed the brains out, had I so sworn† (1. 7. 54-58). Macbeth asks for her help, but she responds by being harsh to him to keep up her appearances. Even when Macbeth sees Banquo’s ghost, instead of helping him, she tells him to go to bed and stop imagining weird things. Lady Macbeth appears heartless toward others. However, one night a gentlewomen and a doctor see her sleep waking and mumbling â€Å"Out, damned spot! Out, I say! (5. 1. 25). She appears to be wide awake but she is unconsciously revealing her true self. Her guilty conscious leads to her downfall through suicide. In this scene her appearance crumbles. She seemed powerful and unsympathetic, but in reality her guilt of Duncan’s murder driver her crazy proving she has become weak. In Macbeth the theme of appearance versus reality is shown through the characters of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. They both revealed a fictitious picture of their personality even though on the inside they are different people. Macbeth’s indecisive personality leads to his destruction. The iron lady, Lady Macbeth appears to be a tough woman, who feels no guilt. But in the ending she shatters to pieces because of her guilt-ridden conscious. No matter what one appears to be reality will defeat appearance. People can put disguise on reality for time being but in the end truth reveals itself.

Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership

Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership The success or breakdown of collaborative governance mainly depends on leadership. Collaborative leaders usually play an encouraging and facilitative role in the organization that enables the stakeholders to effectively work together as a group.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts: Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Collaborative leaders have a distinctive quality which is to facilitate not to direct. They must formulate a condition that hold up the stakeholders contributions towards collaborative process and create effective transactions between them. There are three types of facilitative leadership and they include: steward leadership, mediator leadership and catalyst leadership. A steward leader normally facilitates the process of collaboration by protecting the veracity of collaborative process. On the other hand, a leader who assist s in nurturing and arbitrating relationships involving stakeholders is known as mediator. Lastly, a catalyst leader helps the stakeholders to recognize and identify their value-creating prospects. Facilitative leadership requires leaders to take part in these three roles. They should however ensure that their relative eminence of these three roles greatly depend on collaborative goals, antecedent condition and system context. There are also two special facilitative leadership styles and they include: organic leadership who has the potential to draw social capital in an extensive was since they belong to stakeholder community and there is professional facilitator who belongs to outside community but is autonomous of stakeholders (Ansell Gash 2008, p. 552) These two leadership styles have special weaknesses and strengths. They can both act as honest brokers, however professional facilitator usually find it easier to establish neutrality but have harder time persuading and motivating stakeholders to formulate effective contributions.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Organic leaders have the potential to mobilize and cajole but usually do not have the power to convince their stakeholders. Professional facilitators however do have the power to convince their stakeholders and maintain their integrity. Despite the fact that organic leaders can convene collaborative forums, they are usually the major object of distrust when collaboration unfolds. This is the time when professional facilitators will facilitate meditation process effectively. Collaborative Governance Leaders are important since they efficiently collaborate towards creative problem-solving, service delivery and consensus. They however need to perform within the limits enforced by voluntary action and shared power (Vangen Huxham 2003, p. 22). Powerful catalytic leadership is al ways required from organic leaders who aim at collaborative governance for creative problem-solving. Perspectives on Organizational Change: Systems and Complexity Theories The ability for change management and survival in organization is increasingly becoming paramount in an environment where there is high competition and market globalization exists. Organizations are therefore forced to acquire competitive advantage by having the potential survive and manage change. The process of organizational change can be successful if examined through complexity and systems theories which have the potential to equip leaders in various organizations with understanding and knowledge on how they can adapt and respond to demands and uncertainties of change in the global market (Amagoh 2008). Complexity and systems theories are useful in different areas in an organization and they include: in organizational design, corporate strategy, organizational intelligence and in knowledge management (Amagoh 2008, p. 542).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts: Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Changes in any organizations are usually interconnected to various complex effects and causes. Complexity and systems theories can offer the managers with avenues of how they can address complex dilemmas in the organization and how they can learn to appreciate them too (McElroy 2000, p. 201). Many attempts have been made to apply Organizational change theories since 20th century. The initial effort that was made involved system theory models which were majorly concerned with constancy and equilibrium and how they could be upheld through negative response control. The business is being scrutinized as corporate environment through the systems theory. Stakeholder’s relations are what comprise of organization environment. However, organizational en vironment is increasing in complexity such that the system concepts are no longer sufficient to handle the complex phenomena (Amagoh 2008). This is the reason why complexity theory emerged which was meant to handle complex issues such as non-equilibrium, instability, entropy and surfacing of new structures and patterns in the organization (Amagoh 2008). Based on complexity theories views, systems are evolving; they can organize themselves to formulate a new thing.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The most common trends in contemporary organizations are usually towards pervasive and continuous change and interdependence increase. They do also close parallels between public and private sectors where similar environmental tests are experienced. Public and private organizations are therefore forced to face tumultuous environments which are characterized by many uncertainties caused by dramatic changes brought by economical, technological and political factors. A more complete and vibrant change management analysis has been formulated to help in comprehending management process better. This is why, complexity and system theories were integrated to help understand the fluid process disruptiveness of organizational change (Amagoh 2008). Client Empowerment and Quality Assurance In United Kingdom, quality of work offered by social care services is usually measured in terms of Best Value reports or Quality Indicators. It is however generally concerned about regular performance measure ment. User satisfaction survey is usually required. However this methodology does not normally give the user the chance to respond in holistic manner concerning the services offered. This means that the clients are not empowered when it comes to measuring quality creating a big dilemma on the issue. Anything that is not measured in relation to quality enhancement, client empowerment and quality assurance is normally defined as an outcome, a process or an intervention (Dowling 2008, p. 215). After conducting a study on career and user experience in United Kingdom and Eastern Europe, it was found that client empowerment process is crucial to the future quality enhancement and quality direction of policies in the country. Over 500 individuals gave out their experience of how they are being treated in public. The old, young, children, parents and disabled people were involved in the study. It was found that the welfare users were least empowered in the group in all the countries studied . When it came to gender, class, age, disability, ethnicity, material resource and education, they found that these people were excluded by the society but professionals involved with them together with the staff members are under paid and their status is also too low. The quality of service offered by social services is considered based on how quality is measured, how social service users and careers can contribute to quality service, how the quality of service offered can be improved such that innovative, ongoing and participative quality measurements are developed in social care organizations through career and user partnerships with the staff and managers of social care. There will be different meaning for user and career groups if client empowerment is different and the quality of services offered is different in developed nations. There can be an improvement in quality measurement if the user and the career organizations are in a position to provide evidence on their own thoug hts and perspectives alongside managers, work partners and social care workers. If user and career involvement and evidence are valued and lastly if they resource welfare services in such a way that partnership working can be offered and quality can be measured (Pfeffer Coote 1991, p. 120). Mini-Literature Review This mini-literature review is to find out the difference that exists between the three articles, to find out the questions which the three articles are trying to answer and how they answer the research questions. Lastly, possible research questions concerning the topics of the three articles are formulated which are to be studied. The difference between the three articles discussed above concerns the topics discussed. The first article talks about how the success or breakdown of collaborative governance mainly depends on leadership and facilitated by three facilitative leadership styles known as: steward leadership, mediator leadership and catalyst leadership. The second article talks about how the process of organizational change can be successful if examined through complexity and systems theories. Lastly, the third article talks about client empowerment and quality assurance. The question that the first article (Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts: Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership) is trying to answer is why leadership is an important variable when explaining failure or success of collaborative governance. This is because the success or breakdown of collaborative governance mainly depends on leadership. Collaborative leaders usually play an encouraging and facilitative role in the organization that enables the stakeholders to effectively work together as a group. Collaborative leaders’ role is to facilitate not to direct and contributes towards collaborative process and create effective transactions between stakeholders. On the other hand, the second article (Perspectives on Organizational Change: Systems and Complexity Theories) is trying to answer how organizational change theories of complexity and systems can be used to describe complex, unpredictable, chaotic and dynamic organizational transformation processes. Complexity and systems theories have the potential to endow leaders in various institutions with indulgent and facts on how they can acclimatize and react to stipulations and qualms of change in the global market. The third and the last article (Client Empowerment and Quality Assurance) mainly answers how the quality of social care can be considered based on how quality is measured, how social service careers and users take part in quality service and lastly how to improve service quality to develop quality measurement of social care organizations to increase on innovation. There can be an improvement in quality measurement if the user and the career organizations are in a position to provide evidence on their own thoughts and perspectives alongside managers, work partners and social care workers . If user and career involvement and evidence are valued and lastly if they resource welfare services in such a way that partnership working can be offered and quality can be measured. Lastly, possible research questions concerning the topics of the three articles are: whether client empowerment and quality assurance exists in the world if they are not allowed to give out their thoughts? Why are people still being judged based on their ethnicity, age, class and gender? Secondly, with the coming of new technologies that are being developed every single day, change is paramount and it is something that cannot be avoided; will new organizational theories be developed to manage the complexities that will come with new technologies? Lastly, is collaborative governance success or failure only depends on leadership only? Are there any other factors that affect its performance? List of References Amagoh, F 2008, ‘Perspectives on Organizational Change: Systems and Complexity Theoriesâ €™, The Public Sector Innovation Journal, Vol. 13 no. 3, pp. 530-551. Ansell, C Gash, A 2008, ‘Collaborative Governance in Theory and Practice’, Journal of Public Administration Theory and Practice, vol. 18 no. 4, pp. 543-71. Dowling, M 2008, ‘Client Empowerment and Quality Assurance’, The Public Sector Innovation Journal, vol. 13 no.1, pp. 210-220. McElroy, M 2000, ‘Integrating complexity theory, knowledge management and Organization learning’, Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 4 no. 3, pp. 195-208. Pfeffer, N Coote, A 1991, Is Quality Good for You? New York: Institute for Public Policy Research. Vangen, S, Huxham, C 2003, ‘ Nurturing Collaborative Relations: Building Trust in Interorganizational Communication’, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, vol. 39 no. 1, pp. 5-31.

History of Electric Christmas Lights

History of Electric Christmas Lights Like so many things electrical, the history of electric Christmas lights begins with Thomas Edison. During the Christmas season of 1880, Edison, who had invented the incandescent bulb the previous year, hung strings of electric lights outside his laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey. An article in the New York Times  on December 21, 1880, described a visit by officials from the New York City government to Edisons laboratory in Menlo Park. The walk from the train station to Edisons building was lined with electric lamps was illuminated with 290 light bulbs which cast a soft and mellow light on all sides. Did You Know? The first use of electric Christmas lighting was by Thomas Edison in 1880.The first illuminated Christmas tree was shown off by one of Edisons employees to reporters who visited his Manhattan house in 1882.Electric lights were very costly at first and required the services of a trained electrician.When the cost of electric lights became affordable, their use quickly spread as they were much safer than candles. It doesnt appear from the article that Edison intended the lights to be associated with Christmas. But he was hosting a holiday dinner for the delegation from New York, and the novel lighting seemed to fit in with the holiday mood. Up to that time, it was common to illuminate Christmas trees with small candles, which could, of course, be dangerous. In 1882, an employee of Edison put on a show with electric lights that was fully intended to establish the practical application of electricity to the celebration of Christmas. Edward H. Johnson, a close friend of Edison and the president of the company Edison formed to provide illumination in New York City, used electric lights for the first time to illuminate a Christmas tree. The First Electric Christmas Tree Lights Johnson rigged up a Christmas tree with electrical lights, and, in typical style for the Edison companies, he solicited coverage in the press. An 1882 dispatch in the Detroit Post and Tribune about a visit to Johnson’s house in New York City may have been the first news coverage of electric Christmas lights. A month later, a magazine of the time, Electrical World, also reported on Johnson’s tree. Their item called it â€Å"the handsomest Christmas tree in the United States.† Two years later, the New York Times sent a reporter to Johnson’s house on the East Side of Manhattan, and an astoundingly detailed story appeared in the edition of December 27, 1884. Headlined, A Brilliant Christmas Tree: How an Electrician Amused His Children, the article began: A pretty as well as novel Christmas tree was shown to a few friends by Mr. E.H. Johnson, President of the Edison Company for Electric Lighting, last evening in his residence, No. 136 East Thirty-sixth Street. The tree was lighted by electricity, and children never beheld a brighter tree or one more highly colored than the children of Mr. Johnson when the current was turned and the tree began to revolve. Mr. Johnson has been experimenting with house lighting by electricity for some time past, and he determined that his children should have a novel Christmas tree. It stood about six feet high, in an upper room, last evening, and dazzled persons entering the room. There were 120 lights on the tree, with globes of different colors, while the light tinsel work and usual adornment of Christmas trees appeared to their best advantage in illuminating the tree. An Edison Dynamo Rotated the Tree Johnson’s tree, as the article went on to explain, was quite elaborate, and it rotated thanks to his clever use of Edison dynamos: Mr. Johnson had placed a little Edison dynamo at the foot of the tree, which by passing a current through from the large dynamo in the cellar of the house, converted it into a motor. By means of this motor, the tree was made to revolve with a steady, regular motion. The lights were divided into six sets, one set of which was lighted at a time in front as the tree went round. By a simple devise of breaking and making connection through copper bands around the tree with corresponding buttons, the sets of lights were turned out and on at regular intervals as the tree turned around. The first combination was of pure white light, then, as the revolving tree severed the connection of the current that supplied it and made connection with a second set, red and white lights appeared. Then came yellow and white and other colors. Even combinations of the colors were made. By dividing the current from the large dynamo Mr. Johnson could stop the motion of the tree without putting out the lights. The New York Times provided two more paragraphs containing even more technical detail about the Johnson familys astounding Christmas tree. Reading the article more than 120 years later, it’s obvious that the reporter considered the electric Christmas lights to be a serious invention. The First Electric Christmas Lights Were Costly While Johnson’s tree was considered a marvel, and Edison’s company tried to market electric Christmas lights, they did not become immediately popular. The cost of the lights and the services of an electrician to install them was out of the reach of the general public. However, wealthy people would hold Christmas tree parties to show off electric lighting. Grover Cleveland reportedly ordered a White House Christmas tree that was lit with Edison bulbs in 1895. (The first White House Christmas tree belonged to Benjamin Harrison, in 1889, and was lit by candles.) The use of small candles, despite their inherent danger, remained the popular method of illuminating household Christmas trees until well into the 20th century. Electric Christmas Tree Lights Made Safe A popular legend is that a teenager named Albert Sadacca, after reading about a tragic New York City fire in 1917 caused by candles lighting a Christmas tree, urged his family, which was in the novelty business, to begin manufacturing affordable strings of lights. The Sadacca family tried marketing electric Christmas lights but sales were slow at first. As people became more attuned to household electricity, strings of electric bulbs became increasing common on Christmas trees. Albert Sadacca, incidentally, became the head of a lighting company worth millions of dollars. Other companies, including most notably General Electric, entered the Christmas light business, and by the 1930s electric Christmas lights had become a standard part of holiday decorating. Early in the 20th century the tradition began of having public tree lighting. One of the most famous, the lighting of the National Christmas Tree in Washington, D.C., began in 1923. A tree, place on the ellipse, at the southern end of the White House grounds, was first illuminated on December 24, 1923 by President Calvin Coolidge. A newspaper report the following day described the scene: As the sun sank below the Potomac the President touched a button which lighted up the nations Christmas tree. The giant fir from his native Vermont instantly blazed with myriad electrics which shone through tinsels and reds, while those who surrounded this community tree, children and grown-ups, cheered and sang. The crowds on foot were augmented by thousands who came in motor cars, and to the music of the singers was added the discord of horns. For hours the people thronged to the ellipse, which was dark except in the spot where the tree stood, its brilliancy heightened by a searchlight which shed its rays from the Washington Monument overlooking it. Another prominent tree lighting, at Rockefeller Center in New York City, began modestly in 1931 when construction workers decorated a tree. When the office complex officially opened two years later, the tree lighting became an official event. In the modern era the Rockefeller Center tree lighting has become a yearly event carried live on national television.